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Type declarations
When you declare a variable, you must state its type.
A variable's type defines the set of values it can have and the operations that can be performed on it. A type declaration specifies the identifier that denotes a type.
When an identifier occurs on the left side of a type declaration, it is a type identifier for the block in which the type declaration occurs.
A type identifier's scope does not include itself, with the exception of pointer types.
There are six major classes of types:
1. Simple types define ordered sets of values.
Ordinal types
Integer types
Boolean types
Char type
Enumerated types
Subrange types
Real types
2. String types are a sequence of characters with a dynamic length
attribute and a constant size attribute.
3. Structured types hold more than one value.
Array types
Record types
Object types
Set types
File types
4. Pointer types define a set of values that point to dynamic variables of
a specified type.
5. Procedural types allow procedures and functions to be treated as
objects.
6. Object types are structures with a fixed number of components.
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